Roanoke County, Virginia
Improving Police Response to Mental Health Crisis in a Rural Area
Site LE Agency
Roanoke County Police Department
Site Researcher
Sue-Ming Yang, Ph.D., and Charlotte Gill, Ph.D., George Mason University Center for Evidence-Based Crime Police (CEBCP)
Site Focus
Mental Health Disorder
SPI Strategy
Evidence-based interventions for mentally ill, Multi-agency collaboration
Site Cohort
2015
Site Profile
Small rural area of 250.52 sq. miles with a population of 94,409
- Mental health calls require ~2 hours and 28 minutes compared to ~39 minutes for other calls.
- 25 percent of Roanoke County Police Department (RCPD) officers’ use of force incidents involve a person with a known mental illness.
- Officer focus groups and surveys found the following:
- Officers with more than 5 years of experience are more likely to mention deficiencies in the mental health system.
- Dissatisfaction with the over-reliance on police/law enforcement to fill mental health provider roles.
Project Overview
The Roanoke County Police Department (RCPD) focused on providing improved mental health crisis services to the community and reducing police time and resources spent on mental health calls. Although only 2 percent of police calls are mental health related, each one requires significant officer time, upwards of two and a half hours compared to an average of 30 to 40 minutes per call. Additionally, 25 percent of RCPD officers’ use of force incidents involved a person with a known mental illness. In partnership with mobile crisis service provider, Intercept Youth Services/Crisis One, and the research team, RCPD implemented a program using randomized control trials in which Intercept responds to identified mental health calls with officers.
Data Highlight
- Mental health calls require ~2 hours and 28 minutes compared to ~39 minutes for other calls.
- 25 percent of Roanoke County Police Department (RCPD) officers’ use of force incidents involve a person with a known mental illness.
- Officer focus groups and surveys found the following:
- Officers with more than 5 years of experience are more likely to mention deficiencies in the mental health system.
- Dissatisfaction with the over-reliance on police/law enforcement to fill mental health provider roles.
